Amaketanga okuthutha(aphinde abizwe ngokuthi amaketango abophayo, amaketanga abophayo, noma amaketanga okubopha) amaketango ensimbi anamandla amakhulu asetshenziselwa ukuvikela impahla esindayo, engajwayelekile, noma enenani eliphezulu ngesikhathi sokuthutha emgwaqeni. Uma zibhangqwe nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezifana nezibophezelo, amahhuku, namaketango, zakha isistimu yokuvimbela umthwalo evimbela ukushintshwa kwempahla, ukulimala, kanye nezingozi.
Izicelo Eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Ukuvikela izinto zokwakha/ezisindayo (ama-excavators, ama-bulldozers)
- Ukuqinisa amakhoyili ensimbi, imishayo yesakhiwo, namapayipi kakhonkolo
- Imishini yokuthutha, amamojula ezimboni, noma imithwalo emikhulu
- Izindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu (imiphetho ebukhali, izisindo ezidlulele, ukushisa/ukungqubuzana)
Ukubaluleka kokufaka amaketango ezokuthutha:
- Ukuphepha:Igwema shift shift engase ibangele rollovers noma jackknifes.
- Ukuthobela:Ihlangabezana namazinga omthetho (isb, i-FMCSA yase-USA, EN 12195-3 e-EU).
- Ukuvikelwa kwempahla:Inciphisa ukulimala kwempahla/amaloli.
- Ukusebenza Kwezindleko:Ingasetshenziswa futhi futhi ihlala isikhathi eside uma igcinwe kahle.
Nawu umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuthutha/amaketanga okugqekeza okuvikela impahla yamaloli, ekhuluma ngamaphuzu athile acatshangelwa kahle yizimboni:
| Isici | Amaketanga Ezokuthutha | I-Webbbing Slings |
|---|---|---|
| Okubalulekile | Insimbi ye-alloy (Amabanga G70, G80, G100) | I-polyester/nylon webbing |
| Kuhle kakhulu | Imithwalo ebukhali, izisindo ezidlulele (>10T), ukungqubuzana okuphezulu/ukuhuzuka, ukushisa okuphezulu | Indawo ethambile, imithwalo engasindi, |
| Amandla | I-WLL ephezulu kakhulu (20,000+ lbs), ukunwebeka okuncane | I-WLL (kufika ku-15,000 lbs), ukunwebeka okuncane |
| Ukumelana Nomonakalo | Imelana nokusikeka, imihuzuko, ukucekelwa phansi kwe-UV | Isengozini yokusikeka, amakhemikhali, i-UV fade |
| Imvelo | Izimo ezimanzi, ezinamafutha, ezishisayo, noma ezilumayo | Izindawo ezomile, ezilawulwayo |
| Ukusetshenziswa Okuvamile | Amakhoyili ensimbi, imishini yokwakha, insimbi yesakhiwo esindayo | Ifenisha, ingilazi, izindawo ezipendiwe |
Umehluko Obalulekile:Amaketanga ahamba phambili uma kunemithwalo esindayo, elumayo, noma ecijile lapho ukuqina kubaluleke kakhulu; i-webbing ivikela izindawo ezibuthakathaka futhi ilula/kulula ukuyiphatha.
A. Ukukhethwa Kweketango
1. Izindaba Zebanga:
-I-G70 (Uchungechunge lwezokuthutha): Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile, i-ductility enhle.
-I-G80 (Lifting Chain):Amandla aphakeme, ajwayelekile ekuvikelekeni.
-I-G100:Isilinganiso esiphakeme kakhulu samandla nesisindo (sebenzisa ngehadiwe ehambisanayo).
- Njalo qhathanisa ibanga le-chain ne-hardware grade.
2. Usayizi & WLL:
- Bala ukungezwani okuphelele okudingekayo (ngokwemithethonqubo ngayinye efana ne-EN 12195-3 noma i-FMCSA).
- Isibonelo: 20,000 lb load idinga ≥5,000 lbs tension per chain (4:1 factor factor).
- Sebenzisa amaketanga ane-WLL ≥ ukungezwani okubaliwe (isb, 5/16" G80 chain: WLL 4,700 lbs).
B. Ukukhethwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha
- Izibophezelo:
Ama-Ratchet Binders: Ukungezwani okunembile, ukuphatha okuphephile (okulungele imithwalo ebalulekile).
I-Lever Binders: Ngokushesha, kodwa ingozi ye-snap-back (idinga ukuqeqeshwa).
- Izingwegwe/Okunamathiselwe:
I-Grab Hooks: Xhuma kuzixhumanisi zamaketango.
Ama-Slip Hooks: Gcoba ihange ezindaweni ezingaguquki (isb, ifremu yeloli).
Izixhumanisi ze-C-Hooks/Clevis: Okokunamathiselwe okukhethekile (isib., amehlo ekhoyili yensimbi).
- Izesekeli: Izivikeli zomphetho, iziqapha zokungezwani, amaketanga.
C. Ukucushwa Okukhethekile
- Imishini Yokwakha (isb, I-Excavator):Amaketanga e-G80 (3/8"+) anama-ratchet binder;Vikela amathrekhi/amasondo + amaphuzu okunamathiselwe; vimbela ukunyakaza kokukhuluma.
- Amakhoyili ensimbi:Amaketanga e-G100 anama-C-hook noma ama-chocks;Sebenzisa "figure-8" ukuthungatha ngeso lekhoyili.
- Imishayo yesakhiwo:Amaketanga e-G70/G80 anemfucumfucu yezingodo ukuvimbela ukushelela;I-Cross-chain kuma-engeli ≥45° ngokuzinza kwezinhlangothi.
- Amapayipi Kakhonkolo: Ama-Chock ends + amaketanga phezu kwepayipi kuma-engeli angu-30 ° -60 °.
A. Ukuhlola (Ngaphambi/Ngemva Kokusetshenziswa ngakunye)
- Izixhumanisi zeChain:Yenqaba uma: Yeluliwe ≥3% yobude, imifantu, iziteketiso >10% wobubanzi besixhumanisi, i-weld splatter, ukugqwala okukhulu.
- Izingwegwe/Amaketango:Yenqaba uma: Ukusonteka, ukuvuleka komphimbo > ukwanda ngo-15%, imifantu, izintambo zokuphepha ezingekho.
- Izibophezelo:Yenqaba uma: Isibambo/umzimba ogobile, izidladla/amagiya agugile, amabhawudi axegayo, ukugqwala kumshini we-ratchet.
- Okujwayelekile:Hlola ukuguga ezindaweni zokuthintana (isb, lapho iketango lithinta umthwalo);Qinisekisa izimpawu ezifundekayo ze-WLL nezitembu zebanga.
B. Iziqondiso Zokushintshwa
- Ukushintsha Okuphoqelekile:Noma yimiphi imifantu ebonakalayo, ubude, noma isitembu sebanga esingafundeki;Izingwegwe/amaketanga agobile >10° ukusuka kusimo sangempela;Ukugqokwa kwesixhumanisi seketango >15% wobubanzi bangempela.
- Ukugcinwa Kokuvimbela:Gcoba ama-ratchet ama-binder njalo ngenyanga;Shintshanisa ama-binder njalo eminyakeni emi-3–5 (ngisho noma injalo; ukugqokwa kwangaphakathi akubonakali);Phuma amaketanga ngemva kweminyaka engu-5-7 yokusetshenziswa kanzima (ukuhlolwa kwemibhalo).
C. Amadokhumenti
- Gcina izingodo ezinezinsuku, igama lomhloli, okutholiwe, nezinyathelo ezithathiwe.
- Landela izindinganiso: ASME B30.9 (Slings), OSHA 1910.184, EN 12195-3
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-26-2025
