1. Indaba yamaketanga ezixhumanisi eziyindilinga ezimayini
Ngokukhula kwesidingo samandla wamalahle emnothweni womhlaba, imishini yokumba amalahle ithuthuke ngokushesha.Njengempahla eyinhloko yezimayini zamalahle ezihlanganisiwe ezimayini yamalahle, ingxenye yokudlulisela ku-scraper conveyor nayo ithuthuke ngokushesha.Ngomqondo othile, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-scraper conveyor kuncike ekuthuthukisweni kweizimayini high-amandla round link chain.Iketango lesixhumanisi esiyindilinga elinamandla amakhulu liyingxenye esemqoka ye-chain scraper conveyor emayini yamalahle.Izinga layo kanye nokusebenza kuyokwenzakuthinte ngqo ukusebenza kahle kwemishini kanye nokuphuma kwamalahle emayini yamalahle.
Ukuthuthukiswa kochungechunge lwezimayini oluyindilinga oluyindilinga oluqinile ikakhulukazi luhlanganisa izici ezilandelayo: ukuthuthukiswa kwensimbi yezimayini eyindilinga eyindilinga, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokwelapha ukushisa kwamaketango, ukwenziwa ngcono kosayizi nokuma kweketango lensimbi eliyindilinga, ukuklanywa kwamaketango ahlukene kanye ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokwenza iketango.Ngenxa yalezi ntuthuko, izakhiwo mechanical nokwethembekaimayini round link chainathuthukiswe kakhulu.Ukucaciswa kanye nezakhiwo zemishini yeketango elikhiqizwe amanye amabhizinisi athuthukile okukhiqiza amaketango emhlabeni kudlule kude izinga le-DIN 22252 laseJalimane elisetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni.
Insimbi yakuqala yezinga eliphansi yochungechunge lwezixhumanisi ezimayini ezimayini phesheya kakhulukazi bekuyinsimbi ye-carbon manganese, enokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephansi, okuqukethwe kwe-alloy ephansi, ukuqina okuphansi, kanye nobubanzi beketanga < ø 19mm.Ngawo-1970s, uchungechunge lwe-manganese nickel chromium molybdenum uchungechunge lwezinsimbi ze-high-grade chain steels zathuthukiswa.Izinsimbi ezijwayelekile zifaka i-23MnNiMoCr52, 23MnNiMoCr64, njll. lezi zinsimbi zinokuqina okuhle, ukushisela namandla nokuqina, futhi zifanele ukukhiqizwa kweketango elikhulu le-C-grade.Insimbi engu-23MnNiMoCr54 yathuthukiswa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980.Ngokusekelwe kunsimbi engu-23MnNiMoCr64, okuqukethwe kwe-silicon ne-manganese kwehlisiwe futhi okuqukethwe kwe-chromium ne-molybdenum kwandiswa.Ukuqina kwayo kwakungcono kunokwensimbi engu-23MnNiMoCr64.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwezidingo zokusebenza kweketango lensimbi eliyindilinga kanye nokwanda okuqhubekayo kwezicaciso zamaketango ngenxa yezimayini zamalahle ezimayini zamalahle, ezinye izinkampani zamaketanga ziye zasungula amamaki ensimbi amasha akhethekile, kanti ezinye izakhiwo zazo. amamaki amasha ensimbi aphezulu kunensimbi engu-23MnNiMoCr54.Isibonelo, insimbi ye-"HO" eyakhiwe inkampani yaseJalimane i-JDT ingakhuphula amandla eketango ngo-15% uma iqhathaniswa nensimbi engu-23MnNiMoCr54.
2.Izimo zesevisi ye-Mining chain kanye nokuhlaziywa kokwehluleka
2.1 Izimo zesevisi yochungechunge lwezimayini
Izimo zesevisi ye-round link chain yilezi: (1) amandla okucindezela;(2) Ukukhathala okubangelwa umthwalo oshaya ngamandla;(3) Ukungqubuzana nokuguga kwenzeka phakathi kwezixhumanisi zamaketango, izixhumanisi zamaketango nama-sprocket amaketango, nezixhumanisi zamaketango namapuleti aphakathi nendawo kanye nezinhlangothi zemisele;(4) Ukugqwala kubangelwa isenzo samalahle agayiwe, impushana yamatshe nomoya oswakeme.
2.2 uhlaziyo lwezixhumanisi zokwehluleka kwezimayini
Izinhlobo zokuphuka zezixhumanisi zeketango lezimayini zingahlukaniswa zibe: (1) umthwalo weketango udlula umthwalo wawo wokuphuka umile, okuholela ekuphukeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.Lokhu kuphuka ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezingxenyeni ezinesici ze-chain link ehlombe noma endaweni eqondile, njengokuqhekeka okuvela ku-flash butt welding ukushisa okuthintekile indawo kanye nokuqhekeka kwezinto zebha ngayinye;(2) Ngemva kokugijima isikhathi esithile, isixhumanisi sochungechunge lwezimayini asikafinyeleli umthwalo wokuphuka, okuholela ekuqhekekeni okubangelwa ukukhathala.Lokhu kuphuka ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho kuxhunywa ingalo eqondile nomqhele wesixhumanisi seketango.
Izimfuneko zeketango lokuxhumanisa okujikelezayo kwezimayini: (1) ukuba nomthamo omkhulu wokuthwala umthwalo ngaphansi kwento efanayo nesigaba;(2) ukuba nomthwalo wokuphuka okuphezulu nokwelulwa okungcono;(3) ukuba ne-deformation encane ngaphansi kwesenzo somthamo omkhulu wokulayisha ukuze kuqinisekiswe i-meshing enhle;(4) ukuba namandla okukhathala okukhulu;(5) ukuba nokumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu;(6) ukuba nokuqina okuphezulu kanye nokumuncwa okungcono komthwalo womthelela;(7) ubukhulu bejiyomethri ukuhlangabezana nomdwebo.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-3.Mining chain
Inqubo yokukhiqiza yochungechunge lwezimayini: ukusika ibha → ukugoba nokunitha → ilunga → ukushisela → ukuhlolwa kobufakazi obuyinhloko → ukwelashwa kokushisa → ukuhlolwa kobufakazi besibili → ukuhlolwa.I-Welding kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa kuyizinqubo ezibalulekile ekukhiqizeni iketango lezixhumanisi zezimayini, ezithinta ngokuqondile ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.Imingcele ye-welding yesayensi ingathuthukisa isivuno futhi inciphise izindleko zokukhiqiza;inqubo efanele yokwelapha ukushisa inganikeza ukudlala okugcwele kwezakhiwo ezibonakalayo futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokushisela yeketango lezimayini, ukushisela i-arc manual kanye ne-resistance butt welding kuqediwe.I-Flash butt welding isetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo ezivelele njengezinga eliphezulu lokuzenzekelayo, umfutho ophansi wokusebenza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ezinzile.
Njengamanje, ukwelashwa kokushisa kweketango lesixhumanisi sezimayini ngokuvamile kuthatha ukufudumeza kwe-medium frequency induction, ukucisha okuqhubekayo kanye nokushisa.Ingqikithi yokushisa kwe-medium frequency induction ukuthi isakhiwo samangqamuzana ento sinyakaziswa ngaphansi kwenkundla ye-electromagnetic, ama-molecule athola amandla futhi ashayisane ukuze akhiqize ukushisa.Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokushisa kwe-medium frequency induction, i-inductor ixhunywe ne-middle frequency AC yefrikhwensi ethile, futhi izixhumanisi zamaketango zihamba ngesivinini esifanayo ku-inductor.Ngale ndlela, i-current induced ene-frequency efanayo kanye nesiqondiso esiphambene njengoba i-inductor izokhiqizwa ezixhumanisweni zamaketanga, ukuze amandla kagesi aguqulwe abe amandla okushisa, futhi izixhumanisi zamaketanga zingashiswa ekushiseni okudingekayo ukuze kucinywe. nokuphefumula ngesikhathi esifushane.
Ukushisa kwe-midium frequency induction kunesivinini esisheshayo kanye ne-oxidation encane.Ngemuva kokucisha, ukwakheka okuhle kakhulu kokucisha kanye nosayizi wokusanhlamvu we-austenite kungatholakala, okuthuthukisa amandla nokuqina kwesixhumanisi seketango.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ibuye ibe nezinzuzo zokuhlanzeka, ukuthuthwa kwendle, ukulungiswa okulula kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu.Esigabeni sokushisa, indawo yokushisela i-chain link idlula ekushiseni okuphezulu futhi iqede inani elikhulu lokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi ngesikhathi esifushane, okunomthelela obaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni i-plasticity kanye nokuqina kwendawo yokushisela kanye nokubambezela ukuqaliswa. kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemifantu.Izinga lokushisa elishisayo phezulu kwehlombe le-chain link liphansi, futhi linokuqina okuphezulu ngemva kokushisa, okuvumela ukuguga kwe-chain link ngesikhathi sokusebenza, okungukuthi, ukuguga phakathi kwezixhumanisi zamaketango kanye ne-meshing phakathi kweketango. izixhumanisi kanye ne-chain sprocket.
4. Isiphetho
(1) Insimbi yezimayini eyindilinga eyindilinga eyindilinga iyathuthuka ibheke kumandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukuqina kwepulasitiki ephakeme kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kunensimbi engu-23MnNiMoCr54 evame ukusetshenziswa emhlabeni.Njengamanje, amamaki ensimbi amasha nanelungelo lobunikazi asesetshenzisiwe.
(2) Ukuthuthukiswa kwezakhiwo zemishini yochungechunge lwezixhumanisi ezizungezayo zezimayini ezikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kanye nokuphelela kwendlela yokwelapha ukushisa.Ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo nokulawula okunembile kobuchwepheshe bokwelashwa kokushisa kuyisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini zeketango.Ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha ukushisa kweketango lezimayini buye baba ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko babenzi bamaketango.
(3) Ubukhulu, ukwakheka kanye nesakhiwo seketango lezimayini elinamandla amakhulu okuxhumanisa iketango lenziwe ngcono futhi lenziwa kahle.Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kanye nokwenza kahle kwenziwa ngokwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa kokucindezeleka kweketango futhi ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthi amandla emishini yezimayini zamalahle adinga ukunyuswa kanye nendawo engaphansi komhlaba yemayini yamalahle ilinganiselwe.
(4) Ukwenyuka kokucaciswa kochungechunge lwezimayini oluyindilinga oluyindilinga, ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezakhiwo zemishini kukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa okushesha okuhambisanayo kwezinto zokwakha iketango lensimbi eliyindilinga kanye nobuchwepheshe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-22-2021