Izindinganiso zezimboni kanye nezincazelo zamaketanga okuthutha kanye namaketanga okubopha ziqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukuthembeka, kanye nokuhambisana nezimfuneko zomthetho.
Izindinganiso Eziyinhloko
- EN 12195-3: Leli zinga lichaza izidingo zamaketanga okulenga asetshenziswa ukuvikela imithwalo kwezokuthutha ngomgwaqo. Lihlanganisa ukwakheka, ukusebenza, kanye nokuhlolwa kwamaketanga, okuhlanganisa umthwalo wawo wokuphuka, amandla okulenga, kanye nezidingo zokumaka.
- AS/NZS 4344: Le nqubo inikeza iziqondiso zokuvimbela umthwalo ezimotweni zomgwaqo, okuhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa kwamaketanga okubopha. Icacisa umthwalo omncane wokuphuka kanye nomthamo wokubopha wamaketanga asetshenziswa ekuqiniseni imithwalo.
- ISO 9001:2015: Nakuba ingaqondile eziketangeni zokuthutha, le nqubo yokuphatha ikhwalithi iqinisekisa ukuthi abakhiqizi bagcina amazinga aphezulu ekukhiqizeni nasekulethweni kwezinsizakalo.
- ISO 45001:2018: Leli zinga ligxile ezinhlelweni zokuphatha impilo nokuphepha emsebenzini, liqinisekisa izimo zokusebenza eziphephile ekukhiqizweni nasekuphathweni kwezintambo zokuthutha.
Imininingwane
- Umthwalo Wokuphuka: Umthwalo omncane wokuphuka weketanga, okuyiwona mandla aphezulu iketanga elingawamelana nawo ngaphambi kokuphuka.
- Amandla Okubopha: Amandla okuthwala umthwalo asebenzayo eketheni, ngokuvamile ingxenye yomthwalo omncane wokuphuka.
- Ukumaka: Amaketanga kumele aphawulwe ngokucacile ngomthamo wawo wokugoqa, umthwalo wokuphuka, kanye nolunye ulwazi olufanele.
- Ukuhlolwa: Kudingeka ukuhlolwa njalo kwamaketanga ukuze kutholakale ukuthi agugile, anwetshiwe, futhi awonakele. Amaketanga akufanele asetshenziswe uma edlula ukwandiswa okungu-3%.
- Amadivayisi Okucindezela: Amaketanga kufanele afakwe amadivayisi okucindezela njengezinhlelo ze-ratchet noma ze-turnbuckle ukuze kugcinwe ukucindezeleka okufanele ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa.
Lezi zindinganiso kanye nezincazelo zisiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izintambo zokuthutha kanye nezintambo zokubopha zisetshenziswa ngokuphepha nangokuphumelelayo ukuvikela imithwalo ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa.
Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo, ungavikela imithwalo ngempumelelo emalorini, uqinisekise ukuthi ithuthwa ngokuphephile nangokusebenza kahle.
1. Ukulungiselela:
- Hlola Amaketanga: Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, hlola amaketanga ukuze ubone ukuthi awanazo yini izimpawu zokuguguleka, ukunwebeka, noma umonakalo. Amaketanga akufanele asetshenziswe uma eguguleke kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-3%).
- Hlola Umthwalo: Qinisekisa ukuthi umthwalo uhlelwe kahle futhi ulinganisiwe ngaphakathi kweloli
2. Ukuvimba:
- Izakhiwo Zokuvimba Ezingaguquki: Sebenzisa izakhiwo zokuvimba ezingaguquki njengezinhloko zekhanda, ama-bulkhead, kanye nezigxobo ukuvimbela umthwalo ukuthi uqhubekele phambili noma emuva.
- Izikhwama ze-Dunnage: Sebenzisa izikhwama ze-dunnage noma ama-wedge ukugcwalisa izikhala nokunikeza ukwesekwa okwengeziwe.
3. Ukushaywa ngentambo:
- Ukuhlikihla Okuphezulu: Namathisela ukuhlikihla nge-engeli engu-30-60° embhedeni wepulatifomu. Le ndlela iyasebenza ekuvimbeleni ukugoba nokushelela.
- Ukugoqana Kwesinqe: Sebenzisa izingqimba ezimbili zeluphu ngesigaba ngasinye ukuvimbela ukunyakaza eceleni. Kumayunithi emithwalo emide, sebenzisa okungenani izingqimba ezimbili ukuvimbela ukusonteka.
- Ukulenga Okuqondile: Namathisela ukulenga nge-engeli engu-30-60° embhedeni wepulatifomu. Le ndlela ifaneleka ukubopha imithwalo ngobude nangezinhlangothi.
- Ukuhlikihla Ngentwasahlobo: Sebenzisa ukuhlikihla ngentwasahlobo ukuvimbela ukunyakaza okuya phambili noma okuya emuva. I-engeli ephakathi kokuhlikihla kanye nombhede wesikhulumi kufanele ibe ngu-45°.
4. Ukucindezeleka:
- Izinhlelo ze-Ratchet noma ze-Turnbuckle: Sebenzisa amadivayisi okuqinisa ukuqina ukuze ugcine ukuqina kweketanga. Qinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi yokuqinisa iyakwazi ukuvimbela ukukhululeka ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa.
- Ukususwa Ngemva Kokucindezeleka: Nciphisa ukususwa ngemva kokucindezeleka kube ngu-150 mm ukuze ugweme ukunyakaza komthwalo ngenxa yokuzinza noma ukudlidliza.
5. Ukuthobela imithetho:
- Izindinganiso: Qinisekisa ukuthi amaketanga ahlangabezana nezindinganiso ezifanele njenge-EN 12195-3 zomthamo wokugoqa kanye namandla okuvikela.
- Iziqondiso Zokuvikela Imithwalo: Landela iziqondiso zomhlaba wonke zokuvikela imithwalo ngokuphepha kwezokuthutha emgwaqweni ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuthobela imithetho.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 31-2024
